n zaka zaposachedwa, kukula kwa malonda a e-commerce aku China akudutsa malire ndi kutumiza kunja kwapitilira kukula mwachangu, kukhala malo owoneka bwino pakukula kwa malonda akunja. Unduna wa Zamalonda ndi madipatimenti ena asanu ndi limodzi posachedwapa adapereka chidziwitso chokhudza kukulitsa kuyesa kwa malonda ogulitsa pa intaneti ndikutsata mosamalitsa zofunikira zamalamulo (zomwe zimadziwika kuti chidziwitso)《 Chidziwitsochi chikunena kuti woyendetsa ndege wodutsa malire. Kulowetsedwa kwa e-commerce kudzawonjezedwa kumizinda yonse (ndi zigawo) komwe woyendetsa Free Trade Zone, malo oyesera opitilira malire a e-commerce, malo ogwirizana, malo owonetsera kutsatsa kwakunja ndi malo opangira zinthu (mtundu wa b) zili. Kodi kukulirakulira kwa malo oyendetsa ndege kudzakhudza bwanji, ndipo chitukuko chamakono cha malonda a e-border? Mtolankhani adachita zoyankhulana.
Chiwopsezo cha malonda aku China chadutsa ma yuan biliyoni 100
Kulowa m'malire a e-commerce retail import sikuli kutali ndi ife. Makasitomala apakhomo amagula zinthu zakunja kudzera pa nsanja ya e-commerce yodutsa malire, yomwe imapanga machitidwe amalonda olowera m'malire. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, mu 2020, kuchuluka kwa ma e-commerce ogulitsa ku China kudapitilira 100 biliyoni.
Kupanga mawonekedwe atsopano sikungathe kuchita popanda kuthandizidwa mwamphamvu ndi ndondomeko zoyenera. Kuyambira mchaka cha 2016, China yafufuza zakusintha kwa mfundo za "kuyang'anira kwakanthawi malinga ndi katundu wamunthu" pazogulitsa zogulitsa zamalonda zam'malire. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, nthawi yosinthirayi idakulitsidwa kawiri mpaka kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2017 ndi 2018. Mu Novembala 2018, Unduna wa Zamalonda ndi madipatimenti ena asanu ndi limodzi adapereka "chidziwitso chokhudza kuwongolera kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake". adafotokoza momveka bwino kuti m'mizinda 37, monga Beijing, katundu wolowa m'malire a e-commerce aziyang'aniridwa molingana ndi momwe angagwiritsire ntchito, ndipo chivomerezo choyambirira, kulembetsa kapena kusungitsa zofunikira sizidzakwaniritsidwa, kuwonetsetsa kuti kupitilizabe. ndi kukhazikika koyang'anira pambuyo pa nthawi ya kusintha. Mu 2020, woyendetsa adzakulitsidwa mpaka mizinda 86 ndi chilumba chonse cha Hainan.
“Kuyang’anira nkhani zotumizidwa kunja kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito payekha” kumatanthauza njira zosavuta komanso zofalitsidwa mwachangu. Motsogozedwa ndi woyendetsa ndegeyo, malonda ogulitsa ma e-commerce aku China adakula mwachangu. Mneneri wa Unduna wa Zamalonda, a Gao Feng, adati kuyambira pomwe woyendetsa malonda akudutsa malire a e-commerce adakhazikitsidwa mu Novembala 2018, madipatimenti onse ndi madera akuwunika ndikuwongolera ndondomeko ya ndondomekoyi, yokhazikika pa chitukuko ndi chitukuko. mu standardization. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, njira yopewera chiopsezo ndi kuwongolera ndi kuyang'anira ikuwongolera pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kuyang'anira kumakhala kwamphamvu komanso kothandiza panthawi ndi pambuyo pake, yomwe ili ndi zikhalidwe zobwerezabwereza ndi kukwezedwa m'magulu ambiri.
"Kukula kwa gawo loyeserera makamaka ndikukwaniritsa zosowa zomwe anthu akukulira kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwino komanso kulimbikitsa chitukuko chabwino cha malonda a e-commerce." A Gaofeng adati mtsogolomo, mizinda yomwe madera ofunikira ali nawo amatha kuchita bizinesi yobwereketsa pa intaneti malinga ngati akwaniritsa zofunikira zoyang'anira kasitomu, kuti athandizire mabizinesi kuti asinthe mabizinesi awo molingana ndi zosowa zachitukuko, kuthandizira ogula kugula zinthu zodutsa malire mosavuta, kutenga gawo lalikulu pamsika pakugawa zinthu, ndikuyang'ana kwambiri kulimbikitsa kuyang'anira panthawi komanso pambuyo pa chochitikacho.
Chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwa kukweza kwazinthu, kufunikira kwa ogula aku China pazinthu zamtengo wapatali zochokera kunja kukukulirakulira tsiku ndi tsiku. Magulu ogula ambiri akuyembekeza kugula padziko lonse lapansi kunyumba, ndipo malo otukuka olowera m'malire a e-commerce ogulitsa ndi ochulukirapo. Mu sitepe yotsatira, Unduna wa Zamalonda ugwira ntchito ndi madipatimenti oyenerera kuti alimbikitse mizinda yoyeserera kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira ndikulimbikitsa chitukuko chathanzi komanso chokhazikika cha miyambo yogulitsira malonda amalonda m'malire.
Kuyambitsa kwakukulu kwa ndondomeko zothandizira kuti pakhale malo abwino a chitukuko chofulumira
M'mwezi wa Marichi chaka chino, chiwonetsero choyambirira cha China kuwoloka malire a e-commerce chinachitika ku Fuzhou, kukopa mabizinesi 2363 okwana kutenga nawo gawo, kuphimba nsanja 33 zamalonda zamalonda padziko lonse lapansi. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zosakwanira, ndalama zopitilira US $ 3.5 biliyoni zamalonda zidafikiridwa pachiwonetserochi. Zambiri zamasitomu zikuwonetsa kuti mu 2020, malonda aku China odutsa malire ndi kutumiza kunja adzafika 1.69 thililiyoni yuan, kukwera 31.1% chaka chilichonse. Kudutsa malire e-malonda pang'onopang'ono kwakhala injini yatsopano yopititsa patsogolo malonda akunja.
Zhang Jianping, mkulu wa Research Center for reconomic Cooperation Centre of the Research Institute of the Ministry of Commerce, adanena kuti m'zaka zaposachedwa, malonda a e-commerce akuyenda m'malire apitilira kukula kwa manambala awiri ndipo athandizira kwambiri mayiko akunja aku China. chitukuko cha malonda. Makamaka mu 2020, malonda akunja aku China awona kusintha kooneka ngati V pansi pa zovuta zazikulu, zomwe zimakhudzana ndi chitukuko cha malonda a e-border. Kuwoloka malire a e-malonda, ndi ubwino wake wapadera kuthyola nthawi ndi zopinga danga, mtengo wotsika ndi dzuwa mkulu, wakhala chisankho chofunika kwa mabizinesi kuchita malonda mayiko ndi pacesetter kwa nzeru zachilendo malonda ndi chitukuko, akugwira ntchito yabwino. kwa mabizinesi akunja pothana ndi vuto la mliriwu.
Kukhazikitsidwa kwakukulu kwa ndondomeko zothandizira kwapangitsanso malo abwino kuti pakhale chitukuko chofulumira cha malonda a e-border.
Mu 2020, ku China kudzakhala madera 46 atsopano oyesera amalonda opitilira malire ku China, ndipo kuchuluka kwa madera oyesa amalonda opitilira malire kudzakulitsidwa kufika pa 105. Unduna wa Zamalonda, limodzi ndi madipatimenti oyenera, amatsatira ku mfundo yolimbikitsa zaluso, kuphatikiza ndi nzeru, imalimbikitsa malo oyesera a e-commerce opitilira malire kuti agwire ntchito, mawonekedwe ndi njira zatsopano, amathandizira mapangidwe ophatikizika, kupanga, kutsatsa, kugulitsa, kugulitsa pambuyo pa malonda ndi zina zodutsa malire. chitukuko cha e-commerce chain, ndikufulumizitsa ntchito yomanga malo atsopano otsegulira. Madera onse amatenga malo oyeserera opitilira malire a e-commerce ngati poyambira, amamanga malo osungirako mafakitale osagwiritsa ntchito intaneti, kukopa mwachangu mabizinesi otsogola m'derali, ndikuyendetsa kusonkhana komwe kumazungulira mabizinesi othandizira kumtunda ndi kumunsi kwa mtsinje. Pakadali pano, malo opitilira mafakitale opitilira 330 amangidwa m'malo aliwonse oyeserera a e-commerce, zomwe zalimbikitsa ntchito kwa anthu opitilira 3 miliyoni.
Pankhani ya chilolezo cha kasitomu, General Administration of Customs yapanga njira zatsopano zoyendetsera malonda a B2B (enterprise to enterprise) zotumiza kunja, komanso kutulutsa kumene kwa e-commerce B2B mwachindunji (9710) ndi kudutsa- Njira zamalonda zamalonda zamalonda zakumayiko ena (9810) zamalonda. Tsopano yachita ntchito zoyeserera m'maofesi a kasitomu a 22 molunjika pansi pa General Administration of customs, kuphatikiza Beijing, kulimbikitsa zotsogola zotsogola zamalonda zama e-commerce kuchokera ku B2C (bizinesi kupita kwa munthu aliyense) kupita ku B2B, ndikuthandizira kuwongolera miyambo. Mabizinesi oyendetsa ndege atha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyendetsera katundu monga "kulembetsa kamodzi, kuyika malo amodzi, kuyang'ana patsogolo, kulola kusamutsa kasitomu ndikuthandizira kubweza".
"Pansi pakuyang'aniridwa ndi oyendetsa kutumiza kunja ndi miyambo komanso kupititsa patsogolo madera oyendetsa ma e-commerce odutsa malire, malonda a e-border apitiliza kuyenda bwino mothandizidwa ndi ndondomeko ndi chilengedwe, ndikulowetsa mphamvu zatsopano. kusintha ndi kukweza malonda akunja a China.” Zhang Jianping adati.
Ukadaulo wapa digito umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mbali zonse, ndipo mawonekedwe oyang'anira amayenera kuyenderana ndi nthawi
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwakukulu kwa makompyuta amtambo, deta yaikulu, nzeru zopangira, blockchain ndi matekinoloje ena a digito pazochitika zonse za malonda a malire kwachititsa kuti kusinthika kosalekeza ndi kukweza malonda a e-border.
Wang Xiaohong, Wachiwiri kwa Minister of Information Department of China Center for international economic exchange, adanena kuti njira yatsopanoyi yamalonda yakunja ya digito imachokera pa nsanja yonse yamalonda yamalonda, ndikupanga chilengedwe chophatikiza opanga, ogulitsa, ogulitsa, ogula, katundu, maofesi a zachuma ndi kayendetsedwe ka boma. Sizikuphatikizanso kufalikira kwa zinthu zodutsa m'malire, komanso ntchito zothandizirana nazo monga mayendedwe, ndalama, zidziwitso, kulipira, kubweza ngongole, kufufuza ngongole, ndalama ndi msonkho, ntchito zabwino zamalonda zakunja monga chilolezo chakunja, kusonkhanitsa ndalama zakunja ndikubweza msonkho. , komanso njira zatsopano zoyendetsera malamulo ndi malamulo atsopano apadziko lonse lapansi ndi chidziwitso, deta ndi nzeru.
"Ndi chifukwa chaubwino wamsika waukulu kwambiri, komanso njira zolimbikitsira mafakitale komanso kuyang'anira kophatikizana, mabizinesi aku China omwe ali m'malire a e-commerce akula mwachangu, ndipo kukula kwawo ndi mphamvu zawo zidalumpha mwachangu." Wang Xiaohong adati, komabe, ziyenera kudziwidwanso kuti malonda amalonda odutsa malire akadali pagawo loyambirira lachitukuko, zida zothandizira monga malo osungira, zoyendera, zogawa, ntchito zogulitsa pambuyo pogulitsa, chidziwitso, kulipira ndi kukhazikika zikufunikabe. zikhazikitsidwe bwino, njira zowongolera ziyeneranso kuyenderana ndi nthawi, ndipo kukhazikika ndi chitukuko ziyenera kutsatiridwa.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo kukulitsa woyendetsa malonda ogulitsa malonda a m'malire, pamafunikanso momveka bwino kuti mzinda uliwonse woyendetsa ndege (dera) uyenera kutenga mowona mtima udindo waukulu wa ntchito yoyendetsa malonda a malonda a malonda a malonda odutsa malire. m'derali, tsatirani mosamalitsa zofunikira pakuwongolera, kulimbikitsani mokwanira kupewa ndi kuwongolera zoopsa zamtundu ndi chitetezo, ndikufufuza munthawi yake ndikuthana ndi "zogula zapaintaneti + zodzitengera pa intaneti" kunja kwa malo apadera oyang'anira kasitomu Kugulitsa kwachiwiri ndi zina. kuphwanya, kuonetsetsa kupita patsogolo kwabwino kwa ntchito yoyeserera, komanso kulimbikitsa chitukuko chathanzi komanso chokhazikika chamakampani.
Pali kufunikira kwa msika, mfundo zikuwonjezera nyonga, malonda odutsa malire a e-commerce akukula kwambiri, ndipo malo othandizira akutsatira pang'onopang'ono. Malinga ndi malipoti, pali malo osungiramo katundu opitilira 1800 akunja amalonda aku China, omwe akukula ndi 80% mu 2020 komanso malo opitilira 12 miliyoni masikweya mita.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-24-2021